目前採用營養混成技術的USANA產品包括：
- 葡萄籽精華C100
- 葡萄籽精華C200
- 肝臟寶DTX
µg = mcg = 微克 =1/1,000毫克= 1/1,000,000公克
「µ」是希臘字母「mu」，它是科學符號，被用來作為micro（微）這個字的縮寫。微克是1毫克的1/1,000，或1公克的1/1,000,000。有時也用mcg來作為微克的縮寫。
USANA創新的營養混成技術（Nutritional Hybrid Technology, NHT）是配方設計和製造的一種最先進的方法。營養混成技術的特點是雙層錠片：把不同配方成份分別做成兩層不同的錠片。這樣可將原來的不同產品結合成單一配方。不相容的成份可被組合成單一錠片，而關鍵營養成份可從雙層不同錠片的外觀明顯看出。
USANA和Sanoviv是截然不同的組織。（雖然Sanoviv也是華斯博士所創辦的，但它不是USANA Health Sciences的一部份。）
關於他們的方案和建議，請直接和Sanoviv聯繫。其聯繫資料請參閱：http://www.sanoviv.com
山梨酸鉀是一種黴菌和酵母菌的抑製劑。山梨酸和山梨酸鉀是存在某些自然界食物和漿果（如藍莓）中的化合物。一般認為山梨酸鉀是一種安全的食品直接添加劑，通常使用在許多食品，包括葡萄酒、奶酪、酸奶、水果飲料、肉乾、和烘焙品。所使用劑量都不具毒性，沒有已知的健康方面副作用，並且它可在檸檬酸循環中分解成水和二氧化碳。它不僅有很好的安全性，更能有效防止黴菌和酵母菌的生長，黴菌和酵母菌會危害健康，特別是對兒童。
本比較指南是Lyle MacWilliam的著作，而不是USANA的刊物。任何有關其內容的問題，應直接請教MacWilliam先生。其聯絡方式請參閱他的網站：https://www.nutrisearch.ca
從25年前的最早期開始，科學一直是USANA的核心。本公司的研發（R&D）團隊一直以來都致力於開發以科學為基礎的高品質產品來幫助支持長期健康。
USANA的研發團隊成員包括人類營養、細胞生物學、生物化學、遺傳學、微生物組等專家以及醫生。除了產品研究外，USANA還擁有一群致力於產品製造與品管的科學家工作人員。
此外，公司也與多所大學及研究機構建立合作研究關係，其中包括華盛頓大學、德州加爾維斯頓的德州大學醫學院、猶他大學、加州大學戴維斯分校健康食品研究所，以及北卡羅來納大學彭布羅克分校。
欲瞭解USANA的最新研究、專利以及用於開發現有產品的先前的研究報告，請閱讀以下內容。（研究報告僅提供英文版。）
一覽USANA的最新研究成果
USANA In-House Research
A Novel Assay for Determining Plasma Antioxidant Capacity
Bioavailability of Epicatechin after Consumption of Grape Seed Extract in Humans
Bioavailability of Silicon from Three Sources
Bioavailability of USANA Essentials vs Four Select Competitor Products
Calcium-Magnesium-Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Bone Mineralization in Preadolescent Girls
Comparative Absorption of Water Soluble Vitamins from Five Supplements
Comparative Bioavailability of Coenzyme Q10 in Four Formulations
Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on Oxidative Stress in Trained Cyclists
Effects of Broad-Spectrum Antioxidant Supplementation on the Antioxidant Status of Human Plasma
Glycemic Index (GI) Scores for USANA’s Chocolate, Vanilla, and Strawberry Nutrimeals
Glycemic Index (GI) Score for USANA’s Fibergy Bar and Chocolate Nutrimeal
Glycemic Index (GI) Score for USANA’s Peanut Butter Crunch Nutrition Bar
Grape Seed Extract Plus Vitamin C Improves Indices of Vascular Health
Method of Assessment of Antioxidant Status In Vivo
Pharmacokinetics of Poly C versus Ascorbic Acid
Ubiquinone versus Ubiquinol Clinical Research Bulletin
USANA CellSentials® Supplementation Significantly Increases Circulating Serum Nutrient Levels
Vitamin D Supplementation is Required During the Winter to Obtain Optimal Vitamin D Status
USANA Patents
Brown M, Cuomo J, Tian J, USANA Health Sciences, Inc. 2017. U.S Patent No 10,632,101 Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
McDonald JH, McDonald SC, Lundmark LD, Kabara JJ, Garruto JA, USANA Health Sciences, Inc. 2007. U.S. Patent No 7,214,391. Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Cuomo J, Rabovsky AB, USANA Health Sciences, Inc. 2002. U.S. Patent No 6,361,803. Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Cuomo J, Rabovsky AB, USANA Health Sciences, Inc. 2002. U.S. Patent No 6,358,542. Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
USANA In-House Peer-Reviewed Publications
Bosse JD, Dixon BM. Dietary protein in weight management: a review proposing protein spread and change theories. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2012;9(1):81.
Bosse JD, Dixon BM. Dietary protein to maximize resistance training: a review and examination of protein spread and change theories. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012;9(1):42.
Cuomo J, Appendino G, Dern AS, Schneider E, McKinnon TP, Brown MJ, Togni S, Dixon BM. Comparative absorption of a standardized curcuminoid mixture and its lecithin formulation. 2011. J Nat Prod 74(4):664-9.
Eich N, Schneider E, Cuomo J, Rabovsky A, Vita JA, Palmisano J, Holbrook M. Bioavailability of epicatechin after consumption of grape seed extract in humans. FASEB. 2007;21(6).
, , , , . Validation of a simplified procedure for convenient and rapid quantification of reduced and oxidized glutathione in human plasma by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Biomedical Chromatography. 2020; 34:e4854.
Gamache P, Rabovsky A, Cuomo J. Lipoic acid analysis in food supplements by HPLC with Coulometric Array Detector. 1999. Presentation, Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Ivanov V, Rabovsky A. Extracellular Matrix Regulates Proliferation Rate of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Role of Hyaluronic acid. 1996. Abstract Presentation, Becton Dickinson Symposium on Extracellular Matrix, ECM Interactions, London, UK.
Jin H, Cheng H, Chen W, et al. An evidence-based approach to globally assess the covariate-dependent effect of the MTHFR single nucleotide polymorphism rs1801133 on blood homocysteine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;107(5):817-825.
Jin H, Maddela Rolando L, Sinnott Robert A. The Effects of a Multivitamin, Multimineral, and Multiantioxidant Supplement on Cardio-Metabolic Risk Biomarkers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences. 2020;8(5)127-138.
Jin H, Nicodemus-Johnson J. Gender and Age Stratified Analyses of Nutrient and Dietary Pattern Associations with Circulating Lipid Levels Identify Novel Gender and Age-Specific Correlations. Nutrients. 2018;10(11).
Levy MA, Mckinnon T, Barker T, et al. Predictors of vitamin D status in subjects that consume a vitamin D supplement. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015;69(1):84-9.
Levy M A, McKinnon T, Goldfine H, Enomoto A, Schneider E, Cuomo J. Consumption of a multivitamin/multimineral supplement for 4 weeks improves nutritional status and markers of cardiovascular health. Journal of Functional Foods. 2019;62.
Levy M, Wu JR, Shi JP, et al. Proof-of-Concept and Feasibility Study to Evaluate the Effect of β-Glucan on Protective Qi Deficiency in Adults. Chin J Integr Med. 2021;27(9):666-673.
Mazumder P, Chuang HY, Wentz MW, Wiedbrauk DL. Latex agglutination test for detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. J Clin Microbiol. 1988;26(11):2444-6.
McDonald J, Preobrazhensky S, Malugin A, Rabovsky A, Wood T, Wentz M. Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on susceptibility to oxidation of isolated low density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein B-100 in unfractionated blood. 1997. Abstract Presentation, XI International Symposium on Atherosclerosis, Paris, France.
Nicodemus-johnson J, Sinnott RA. Fruit and Juice Epigenetic Signatures Are Associated with Independent Immunoregulatory Pathways. Nutrients. 2017;9(7)
Preobrazhensky S, Malugin A, Wentz M. Flow cytometric assay for evaluation of the effects of cell density on cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis. Cytometry. 2001;43(3):199-203.
Preobrazhensky S, Rabovsky A, Goldmacher V, Wentz M. Comparative study of cytotoxic action of low density lipoprotein and cumene hydroperoxide on various lymphoid cell lines. 1997. XI International Symposium on Atherosclerosis, Paris, France.
Preobrazhensky S, Trakht I, Chestkov V, Wentz M. Monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for evaluation of lipoprotein oxidation. Analytical Biochemistry. 1995;227(1):225-34.
Rabovsky A, Cuomo J. Olive oil: Direct measure of antioxidant activity. Free Rad Bio Med 1999;27(Supp 1):S42.
Rabovsky A, Cuomo J, Eich N. Measurement of plasma antioxidant reserve after supplementation with various antioxidants in healthy subjects. Clin Chim Acta. 2006;371(1-2):55-60.
Rabovsky A, Cuomo J, Wentz M. Inhibition of fat absorption with grape seed antioxidants. Free Rad Bio Med 1998;25(Supp 1):96.
Rabovsky A, Preobrazhensky S, Wentz M. In vitro antioxidant activity of flavonoids measured using different procedures. 1996. Abstract Presentation, 3rd Annual Meeting of the Oxygen Society, Miami Beach, Florida, USA.
Rabovsky A, Preobrazhensky S, Wentz M. Protection of cultured human cells from oxidative damage by alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and flavonoids. 1996. Abstract Presentation, VIII Biennial Meeting International Society for Free Radical Research, Barcelona, Spain.
Rabovsky A, Preobrazhensky S, Wentz M. Synergistic action of Ascorbic Acid and Bioflavonoids in protecting Apolipoprotein B from oxidation. 1996. Abstract Presentation, VIII Biennial Meeting International Society for Free Radical Research, Barcelona, Spain.
Tian JJ, Levy M, Zhang X, Sinnott R, Maddela R. Counteracting health risks by Modulating Homeostatic Signaling.2022. Pharmacol Res. 2022;182:106281.
Third-Party Research Performed in Collaboration with USANA
Ball SD, Keller KR, Moyer-mileur LJ, Ding YW, Donaldson D, Jackson WD. Prolongation of satiety after low versus moderately high glycemic index meals in obese adolescents. Pediatrics. 2003;111(3):488-94.
Barker T, Leonard SW, Trawick RH, et al. Modulation of inflammation by vitamin E and C supplementation prior to anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009;46(5):599-606.
Barker T, Leonard SW, Trawick RH, Walker JA, Traber MG. Antioxidant supplementation lowers circulating IGF-1 but not F(2)-isoprostanes immediately following anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Redox Rep. 2009;14(5):221-6.
Barker T, Leonard SW, Hansen J, et al. Vitamin E and C supplementation does not ameliorate muscle dysfunction after anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009;47(11):1611-8.
Barker T, Traber MG. Does vitamin E and C supplementation improve the recovery from anterior cruciate ligament surgery? Journal of Evidenced-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2011;16:114-128
Barker T, Martins TB, Hill HR, et al. Vitamins E and C modulate the association between reciprocally regulated cytokines after an anterior cruciate ligament injury and surgery. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2011;90(8):638-47.
Barker T, Martins TB, Hill HR, et al. Low vitamin D impairs strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Journal of Evidenced-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2011;16(3):201-209
Barker T, Martins TB, Hill HR, et al. Different doses of supplemental vitamin D maintain interleukin-5 without altering skeletal muscle strength: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in vitamin D sufficient adults. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2012;9(1):16.
Barker T, Martins TB, Kjeldsberg CR, Trawick RH, Hill HR. Circulating interferon-γ correlates with 1,25(OH)D and the 1,25(OH)D-to-25(OH)D ratio. Cytokine. 2012;60(1):23-6.
Barker T, Martins TB, Hill HR, et al. Circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines are elevated and peak power output correlates with 25-hydroxyvitamin D in vitamin D insufficient adults. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013;113(6):1523-34.
Barker T, Henriksen VT, Martins TB, et al. Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations associate with a faster recovery of skeletal muscle strength after muscular injury. Nutrients. 2013;5(4):1253-75.
Barker T, Schneider ED, Dixon BM, Henriksen VT, Weaver LK. Supplemental vitamin D enhances the recovery in peak isometric force shortly after intense exercise. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2013;10(1):69.
Barker T, Martins TB, Hill HR, et al. Vitamin D sufficiency associates with an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines after intense exercise in humans. Cytokine. 2014;65(2):134-7.
Barker T, Henriksen VT, Rogers VE, et al. Vitamin D deficiency associates with γ-tocopherol and quadriceps weakness but not inflammatory cytokines in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Redox Biol. 2014;2:466-74.
Barker T, Rogers VE, Henriksen VT, et al. Serum cytokines are increased and circulating micronutrients are not altered in subjects with early compared to advanced knee osteoarthritis. Cytokine. 2014;68(2):133-6.
Barker T, Rogers VE, Henriksen VT, et al. Muscular-based and patient-reported outcomes differentially associate with circulating superoxide dismutases and cytokines in knee osteoarthritis. Cytokine. 2019;115:45-49.
Barker T, Rogers VE, Levy M, et al. Supplemental vitamin D increases serum cytokines in those with initially low 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study. Cytokine. 2015;71(2):132-8.
Bemer B, Krueger SK, Orner GA. Sulindac pharmacokinetics. The role of flavin-containing monooxygenases. 2008. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Summer Internship Presentation, Oregon State University, September 26.
Best T, Clarke C, Nuzum N, Teo WP. Acute effects of combined Bacopa, American ginseng and whole coffee fruit on working memory and cerebral haemodynamic response of the prefrontal cortex: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutr Neurosci. 2019;:1-12.
Best T, Miller J, Teo WP. Neurocognitive effects a combined polyphenolic-rich herbal extract in healthy middle-aged adults – a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutritional Neuroscience. 2024;1-13.
Bloomer, R. , Pence, J. , Davis, A. and Stockton, M. Weight Loss and Improved Metabolic Health Measures Using a One-Week Active Nutrition Jumpstart Program in Overweight and Obese Men and Women. Health. 2023.;15, 640-653.
Dixon BM, Barker T, Mckinnon T, et al. Positive correlation between circulating cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (hCAP18/LL-37) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in healthy adults. BMC Res Notes. 2012;5:575.
Edwards RL, Lyon T, Litwin SE, Rabovsky A, Symons JD, Jalili T. Quercetin reduces blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. J Nutr. 2007;137(11):2405-11.
Frei B, Birlouez-aragon I, Lykkesfeldt J. Authors’ perspective: What is the optimum intake of vitamin C in humans?. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2012;52(9):815-29.
Greene DA, Naughton GA. Calcium and vitamin-D supplementation on bone structural properties in peripubertal female identical twins: a randomised controlled trial. 2010. Osteoporosis International, in review.
Henriksen VT, Rogers VE, Rasmussen GL, et al. Pro-inflammatory cytokines mediate the decrease in serum 25(OH)D concentrations after total knee arthroplasty?. Med Hypotheses. 2014;82(2):134-7.
Huang Y, Chen Y, Shaw AM, Goldfine H, Tian J, Cai J. Enhancing TFEB-Mediated Cellular Degradation Pathways by the mTORC1 Inhibitor Quercetin. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018;2018:5073420.
Johnson S, Hagen TM. Changes in Acute Human Plasma Glutathione Levels Following Lipoic Acid Supplementation. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Summer Internship presentation, Oregon State University, September 24, 2009, and Center for Health Aging Research Life Scholars presentation, Oregon State University, October 14, 2009.
Jubert C, Mata J, Bench G, et al. Effects of chlorophyll and chlorophyllin on low-dose aflatoxin B(1) pharmacokinetics in human volunteers. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2009;2(12):1015-22.
Junrong W, Haojie c, Jianpin S, et al. Development and validation of a diagnostic risk score for assessing a TCM condition, Protective Qi Deficiency, in adults. Eu J Int Med. 2020;35(101097).
Kang JW, Tang X, Walton CJ, et al. Multi-Omic Analyses Reveal Bifidogenic Effect and Metabolomic Shifts in Healthy Human Cohort Supplemented With a Prebiotic Dietary Fiber Blend. Front Nutr. 2022;9:908534.
Kesinger NG, Langsdorf BL, Yokochi AF, Miranda CL, Stevens JF. Formation of a vitamin C conjugate of acrolein and its paraoxonase-mediated conversion into 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroxy-4-oxooctanal. Chem Res Toxicol. 2010;23(4):836-44.
Lee MB, Kiflezghi MG, Tsuchiya M, et al. Pterocarpus marsupium extract extends replicative lifespan in budding yeast. Geroscience. 2021;43(5):2595-2609.
Levy MA, Tian J, Gandelman M, et al. A Multivitamin Mixture Protects against Oxidative Stress-Mediated Telomere Shortening. J Diet Suppl. 2024;21(1):53-70.
Leonard SW, Barker T, Mustacich DJ, Traber MG. Measurement of vitamin K homologues in biological fluids and tissues by APCI LC/MS. FASEB. 2009;24(Supp 1).
Leonard SW, Barker T, Mustacich DJ, Traber MG. Measurement of vitamin K homologues in biological fluids and tissues by APCI LC/MS. FASEB. 2010;24(Supp 1).
Lotito SB, Zhang WJ, Yang CS, Crozier A, Frei B. Metabolic conversion of dietary flavonoids alters their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Free Radic Biol Med. 2011;51(2):454-63.
Michels AJ, Dickinson BC, Chang CJ, Frei B. Generation of H2O2 by ascorbate auto-oxidation: possible implications for cancer therapy. 2010. Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL.
Lotito SB, Zhang WJ, Yang CS, Crozier A, Frei B. Metabolic conversion of dietary flavonoids alters their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Free Radic Biol Med. 2011;51(2):454-63.
Peluso MR, Miranda CL, Hobbs DJ, Proteau RR, Stevens JF. Xanthohumol and related prenylated flavonoids inhibit inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-activated THP-1 monocytes: structure-activity relationships and in silico binding to myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2). Planta Med. 2010;76(14):1536-43.
Song Y, Chung CS, Bruno RS, et al. Dietary zinc restriction and repletion affects DNA integrity in healthy men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90(2):321-8.
Song Y, Chung CS, Bruno RS, Traber MG, Brown KH, King JC, Ho E. Zinc status affects DNA damage and oxidative stress in healthy adult men. FASEB. 2009;23(Supp 1).
Song Y, Ho E. Effects of zinc deficiency on DNA damage, oxidative stress and oxidant defense in peripheral blood. FASEB. 2008;22(Supp 1).
Stockton M, Pence J, Davis A, Bloomer R. Impact of an Active Nutrition Program on Weight Loss and Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus. 2024;16(10).
Traber MG, Barker T. Vitamins E and C in ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) Injury. 2009. 3rd International Symposium; Nutrition, Oxygen Biology and Medicine. Paris, France.
Wolinsky LE, Cuomo J, Quesada K, Bato T, Camargo PM. A comparative pilot study of the effects of a dentifrice containing green tea bioflavonoids, sanguinarine or triclosan on oral bacterial biofilm formation. J Clin Dent. 2000;11(2):53-9.
Wu JR, Cheng HJ, Shi JP, et al. β -Glucan Improves Protective Qi Status in Adults with Protective Qi Deficiency-A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, and Double-Blinded Trial. Chin J Integr Med. 2021;10.
Wyatt HR, Ogden LG, Cassic KS, Hoagland EA, McKinnon T, Eich N, Chernyshev V, Wood T, Cuomo J, Hill JO. Successful internet-based lifestyle change program on body weight and markers of metabolic health. Obesity and Weight Management. 2009;5(4):167-73.
Guo X, Xu Y, He H, et al. Effects of a Meal Replacement on Body Composition and Metabolic Parameters among Subjects with Overweight or Obesity. J Obes. 2018;2018:2837367.
Guo X, Xu Y, He H, et al. Visceral fat reduction is positively associated with blood pressure reduction in overweight or obese males but not females: an observational study. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2019;16:44.
Yilmazer-musa M, Griffith AM, Michels AJ, Schneider E, Frei B. Grape seed and tea extracts and catechin 3-gallates are potent inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity. J Agric Food Chem. 2012;60(36):8924-9.
Yilmazer-Musa M, Tucker AM, Frei B. Inhibition of a-amylase and a-glucosidase activity by bioflavonoids: implications for carbohydrate metabolism and type-2 diabetes. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2010;49(S37).
身體由許多類型的分子組成，它們各自扮演著不同角色，但抗氧化劑脫穎而出，抗氧化劑是中和自由基的分子。若放任不管，自由基會對細胞膜、DNA…等造成損傷。這種損傷可能導致突變、功能受損甚至細胞死亡。為了將自由基的潛在損害減到最少，身體會利用抗氧化劑作為防禦系統。
自由基從哪裡來？
要完全避免自由基的傷害是不可能的，它們來自於身體內部（內源性）和外部（外源性）。氧化劑是在身體內因正常呼吸、新陳代謝和發炎的過程而產生的。
外源性自由基來自於環境因素，如污染、日照、劇烈運動、抽菸和喝酒。遺憾的是，沒有任何抗氧化系統是完美的。因此隨著年齡增長，細胞和DNA會因氧化的累積而受損。但健康的飲食和生活方式可以幫助將這種損傷減到最低。
抗氧化劑如何保護您
抗氧化劑是獨特的分子。其化學結構使它們能夠完成主要的工作——中和自由基。抗氧化劑是能夠給予或吸收電子的分子。這一點很重要，因為自由基具有不成對的電子，以致它們非常活躍。
電子都必須成對存在，如果不是這樣，那麼這些具有不成對電子的分子就會盡力解決這個問題。這就會產生反應而導致上述的氧化損傷。
抗氧化劑並不介意是給予或吸收一個電子來幫助清除自由基，只要所有電子都成對，這些自由基就被中和掉，並且可以安全地將它們從體內清除。
抗氧化劑的來源
有些抗氧化劑可以由體內製造，其他抗氧化劑則必須來自於飲食。麩胱甘肽、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和過氧化氫酶都是由體内製造的，有助於保護其本身。主要營養素已被證實能增加這些重要抗氧化劑的產生。
微量營養素（維生素/礦物質）抗氧化劑包括維生素E、β-胡蘿蔔素、維生素C和硒。身體無法製造這些微量營養素，因此它們必須通過飲食來獲得。此外，還有許多植物來源的營養素（植物營養素）可作為人體的強大抗氧化劑。下表是健康飲食中所含各種植物營養素抗氧化劑的例子：
| 植化素 | 食物來源 |
| 硫化丙烯 | 洋蔥、蒜、韭菜、細香蔥 |
| 類胡蘿蔔素（如茄紅素、葉黃素、玉米黃素等） | 番茄、紅蘿蔔、西瓜、羽衣甘藍、菠菜 |
| 薑黃素 | 薑黃 |
| 類黃酮（如花青素、白藜蘆醇、槲皮素、兒茶素等） | 葡萄、藍莓、草莓、櫻桃、蘋果、葡萄柚、蔓越莓、覆盆子、黑莓 |
| 麩胱甘肽 | 綠葉蔬菜 |
| 吲哚 | 青花菜、花椰菜、捲心菜、抱子甘藍、小白菜 |
| 異黃酮 | 豆類（豌豆、大豆） |
| 異硫氰酸酯（如蘿蔔硫素） | 青花菜、花椰菜、捲心菜、抱子甘藍、小白菜 |
| 木脂素 | 種子（亞麻籽、葵花籽） |
| 單松烯類 | 柑橘類果皮、櫻桃、堅果 |
| 植酸 | 全穀類、豆類 |
| 酚類、多酚類、酚類化合物（如鞣花酸、阿魏酸、單寧酸等） | 葡萄、藍莓、草莓、櫻桃、葡萄柚、蔓越莓、覆盆子、黑莓、茶 |
| 皂苷 | 豆子、豆類 |
美國國家癌症研究所、美國農業部（USDA）和營養專家建議，根據您個人的卡路里需求，每天至少食用5-13份水果和蔬菜。根據這些建議，一般的多樣化飲食能提供大約200-600毫克的維生素C和10-20毫克（16,000-32,000國際單位）的類胡蘿蔔素。此外，每天在水果、蔬菜、穀物和飲料的多樣化混合飲食中攝取的多酚（膳食中含量最豐富的抗氧化劑）可高達1克。
其他植物營養素抗氧化劑可能的攝取量包括：
- 花青素：兩盎司黑葡萄中含有1,500毫克
- 前花青素：每天100-300毫克，來自紅葡萄酒
- 兒茶素：每天50毫克，來自茶（一杯沖泡綠茶含240-320毫克兒茶素）、巧克力、蘋果、梨子、葡萄、紅葡萄酒
- 異黃酮：每天50毫克，來自大豆食品
- 綠原酸：飲用咖啡者每天高達800毫克。
您吃的抗氧化劑足夠嗎？
持續吃健康及多樣化的飲食可提供高劑量的抗氧化劑似乎是合理的。但每位美國人平均每天只吃3份水果和蔬菜；如前所述，飲食指南要求5至13份。
由於這種低攝取量，有93%的美國人未能達到維生素E的平均需求量（EAR），超過一半的成年人未能獲得平均需求量的維生素A；至於其他許多抗氧化劑的攝取量更是在最佳而有益的劑量之下。
確保從飲食中獲得足夠抗氧化劑的最好方法，就是吃足夠的水果和蔬菜。衡量一下您的飲食，務必每天至少吃5份。此外，服用優質的多種維生素可增加抗氧化維生素及礦物質的攝取量，也可以包含一些抗氧化植物化合物。
參考資料
What We Eat In America, NHANES 2001-2002. United States Department of Agriculture. 2005
*這些內容未經美國食品暨藥物管理局的審閱。本產品不用於診斷、治療、醫治、或預防任何疾病。
即便營養補充品有有效期限，但不同於牛奶或肉類等易腐爛食品，它們不會腐敗或變質。補充品的保質期主要確保產品的效力，無須擔心產品變質或有毒。攝取過期的維生素並不危險，但維生素的效力可能會降低。
有效期限代表該產品維持最高效力和品質的最後一天。換句話說，直到該日期，產品保證符合標誌的成分效力且保證錠片能夠正常分解。在超過有效期限後，產品的營養效力將會逐漸降低。因此，我們建議在印刷的有效期限內使用產品。
存放 USANA 產品
有些維生素對元素十分敏感，但其它維生素（即礦物質）幾乎能無限期地維持效力。我們建議將補充品存放在攝氏 25 度以下的室溫，避免光和高溫。冷藏也有助於延長補充品的保質期。正確地存放您的補充品能確保其在標誌的保質期限內維持完全的效力和保證的品質。
我可以在哪裡找到 USANA 批號和有效期限？
批號和有效期限印在 USANA 補充品瓶罐的底部。USANA 產品的有效期限以六位數列出，格式為 DDMMYY（日、月、年）。
營養補充品
大部分 USANA 補充品的保質期為兩年。以下產品為例外：
- 健康套裝：18 個月
- 我的健康套裝：4 個月
USANA 食品
大部分 USANA 食品的保質期為兩年。以下產品為例外：
- 膠原蛋白能量棒：8 個月
- 花生醬能量棒：15 個月
- 罐裝 Rev3 機能飲料：18 個月
Celavive™
所有 Celavive™ 產品的保質期皆為三年。
當您查看食品標籤時，您或許會對該食品中每種維生素含量的不同測量值感到困惑。您會看到毫克、微克、國際單位（IU） 等單位。您是否好奇食品標籤為什麼使用不同的單位，以及您該如何在這些不同的單位之間進行轉換？
國際單位（IU）是用於計算或測量維生素效力和生物有效性的標準化單位之一。國際單位比重量更常見於許多維生素中，因為不同的維生素形式可能具有不同水平的效力。國際單位是計算不同維生素形式的維生素效力的標準方法。
國際單位、微克及其它標籤單位的縮寫
IU＝ 國際單位
RAE＝視黃醇活性當量
DFE＝膳食葉酸當量
NE＝菸酸當量
mg＝毫克
mcg＝μ克＝微克
維生素單位換算和計算
以下的資訊提供了從標準單位（國際單位、視 A 醇當量、膳食葉酸當量、菸酸當量）換至毫克或微克的大致維生素轉換。
維生素A
1 國際單位＝0.3 微克視黃醇
1 微克視黃醇活性當量＝1 微克視黃醇
1 微克視黃醇活性當量＝2 微克 β-胡蘿蔔素補充劑
1 微克視黃醇活性當量＝12 微克 β-胡蘿蔔素
1 微克視黃醇活性當量＝24 微克 α-胡蘿蔔素
1 微克視黃醇活性當量＝24 微克 β-隱黃素
維生素 B
葉酸
1 微克膳食葉酸量＝1 微克葉酸（來自食物攝取）
1 微克膳食葉酸量＝0.6 微克補充劑葉酸
菸酸
1 毫克菸酸當量＝1 毫克菸鹼胺
1 毫克菸酸當量＝1 毫克肌醇烟酸酯
1 毫克菸酸當量＝1 毫克菸酸
1 毫克菸酸當量＝60 毫克色氨酸
維生素 D
1 國際單位＝0.025 微克麥角鈣化醇（維生素 D2）
1 國際單位＝0.025 微克膽鈣化醇（維生素 D3）
維生素 E
1 國際單位＝0.67 毫克 D-α -生育酚（天然）
1 國際單位＝0.45 毫克 D-α -生育酚（合成）
