{"id":1963,"date":"2016-06-07T20:25:04","date_gmt":"2016-06-07T20:25:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/zh-hant\/?post_type=qa&p=1963"},"modified":"2024-02-19T08:59:29","modified_gmt":"2024-02-19T15:59:29","slug":"folic-acid-mthfr-mutations","status":"publish","type":"qa","link":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/zh-hant\/qa\/folic-acid-mthfr-mutations\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7532\u57fa\u8449\u9178\u3001\u8449\u9178\u3001\u7532\u9237\u80fa\u548c\u6c30\u9237\u80fa\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B9\uff08\u8449\u9178\uff09\u548c B12\uff08\u9237\u80fa\u7d20\uff09\u662f\u5c0d\u5065\u5eb7\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u5728\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5404\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\uff08\u5f9e\u80da\u80ce\u5230\u6210\u5e74\uff09\u90fd\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u98df\u7269\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u4e14\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u88dc\u5145\u54c1\uff0c\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u88dc\u5145\u54c1\u4e5f\u542b\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u514d\u65bc\u71df\u990a\u7d20\u7f3a\u4e4f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u7684\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B9 \u548c B12 \u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u5df2\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u5f62\u5f0f\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5ee3\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u71df\u990a\u88dc\u5145\u54c1\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u7686\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5065\u5eb7\u76ca\u8655\u3002\u7e7c\u7e8c\u95b1\u8b80\u77ad\u89e3\u8a73\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B9\uff08\u8449\u9178\uff09<\/h2>\n

\u8449\u9178\u80fd\u5920\u8abf\u7bc0\u7d30\u80de\u4ee3\u8b1d\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u52a0\u4e0a\u5176\u5728 DNA \u548c RNA\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8449\u9178\u652f\u6301\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u9577\u548c\u7d05\u8840\u7403\u53ca\u514d\u75ab\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u518d\u751f\u3002\u8449\u9178\u5c0d\u80ce\u5152\u767c\u80b2\u6975\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b55\u5a66\u548c\u8a08\u756b\u61f7\u5b55\u7684\u5973\u6027\u9700\u8981\u651d\u53d6\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u8449\u9178\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u5065\u5eb7\u98f2\u98df\u4e2d\u651d\u53d6\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u71df\u990a\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u71df\u990a\u88dc\u5145\u54c1\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u71df\u990a\u7684\u98f2\u98df\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u5065\u5eb7\u76ca\u8655\u3002\u542b\u6709\u8449\u9178\u7684\u98df\u7269\u901a\u5e38\u975e\u5e38\u71df\u990a\uff0c\u4f46\u8449\u9178\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u5177\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5229\u7528\u5ea6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u98df\u7269\u4e2d\u8449\u9178\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u651d\u53d6\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u9060\u4f4e\u65bc\u5efa\u8b70\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u8449\u9178\u5728\u80b2\u9f61\u5a66\u5973\u4e2d\u5c24\u5176\u4ee4\u4eba\u64d4\u6182\u3002\u9019\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8449\u9178\uff0c\u4e14\u8449\u9178\u88dc\u5145\u8b8a\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u666e\u904d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8449\u9178\u662f\u5f37\u5316\u5291\u548c\u88dc\u5145\u54c1\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u98df\u54c1\u8449\u9178\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5229\u7528\u5ea6\u3001\u66f4\u7a69\u5b9a\u4e14\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002\u7532\u57fa\u8449\u9178\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6b78\u529f\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f71\u97ff\u9019\u7a2e\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u4ee3\u8b1d\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u57fa\u56e0\uff08MTHFR\uff09\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n

MTHFR \u591a\u614b\u6027<\/h3>\n

\u4e9e\u7532\u57fa\u56db\u6c2b\u8449\u9178\u9084\u539f\u9176\uff08MTHFR\uff09\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u9176\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u8449\u9178\u8f49\u5316\u6210\u80fd\u5920\u88ab\u4eba\u985e\u8eab\u9ad4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ca0\u8cac\u5c07\u540c\u534a\u80f1\u80fa\u9178\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u7532\u786b\u80fa\u9178\u3002MTHFR \u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u8b8a\u9ad4\uff08MTHFR C677T\uff09\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u8449\u9178\u4ee3\u8b1d\u80fd\u529b\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u7684 DNA \u5305\u542b\u5169\u500b MTHFR \u8907\u88fd\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u4f86\u81ea\u60a8\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u3002\u60a8\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u6216\u5169\u500b\u8907\u88fd\u7684 MTHFR C677T \u57fa\u56e0\u8b8a\u9ad4\u3002MTHFR \u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u7a81\u8b8a\u5341\u5206\u5e38\u898b\uff0c\u5728\u91ab\u5b78\u4e0a\u4e5f\u7121\u9808\u64d4\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ecd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u56e0\u80fd\u5920\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u807d\u8aaa\u904e\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u64d4\u6182\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f C677T \u8b8a\u9ad4\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u4eba\u9ad4\u4e2d\u5169\u500b\u8907\u88fd\u7684 MTHFR \u57fa\u56e0\uff08\u540c\u578b MTHFR C677T \u8b8a\u7570\u9ad4\uff09\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u5c0d\u65bc\u540c\u578b MTHFR C677T \u8b8a\u7570\u9ad4\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u793a\u8db3\u5920\u5291\u91cf\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8449\u9178\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u4f7f\u7528\u4e14\u80fd\u5920\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528 (Moll S)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8449\u9178\u5c0d\u65bc MTHFR\u300c\u7a81\u8b8a\u300d\u60a3\u8005\u7121\u6548\u3001\u6703\u963b\u64cb\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u3001\u7121\u6cd5\u88ab\u5438\u6536\u6216\u5c0d\u4eba\u9ad4\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u8aaa\u8a5e\u7686\u70ba\u8a87\u5927\u5176\u8a5e\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u78ba\u3002\u6b64\u8b8a\u9ad4\u50c5\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8f49\u5316\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ac7\u53ca\u8449\u9178\uff08\u5982\u8449\u9178\u3001\u7532\u57fa\u8449\u9178\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u5b83\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u8449\u9178\u6c34\u5e73\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u751f\u7269\u5229\u7528\u5ea6\u3001\u5291\u91cf\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u70ba\u4f55\uff0c\u76ee\u6a19\u90fd\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u8449\u9178\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u8eab\u9ad4\u5b58\u5728 MTHFR C677T \u8b8a\u9ad4\u4e4b\u4eba\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u6301\u7e8c\u651d\u53d6\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u8449\u9178\u4f86\u4f7f\u8840\u6e05\u8449\u9178\u6c34\u5e73\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8449\u9178\u662f\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u6700\u591a\u7684\u8449\u9178\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u9810\u9632\u795e\u7d93\u7ba1\u7f3a\u9677\uff08Crider, Crider, Wilcken, Tsang, Seyoum\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u904e\u91cf\u7684\u8449\u9178\u6216\u672a\u4ee3\u8b1d\u8449\u9178\uff08UMFA\uff09\u4e5f\u4e26\u975e\u6709\u76ca\u7121\u5bb3\u3002\u60a8\u4e0d\u61c9\u7121\u4e0a\u9650\u5730\u651d\u53d6\u8449\u9178\u4f86\u5f4c\u88dc\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\u5438\u6536\u529b\u3002\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5fa9\u539f\u80fd\u529b\u5f88\u5f37\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\u8eab\u9ad4\u6709\u4e9b\u6a5f\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u8449\u9178\u651d\u53d6\u91cf\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u63a5\u89f8\u672a\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7684\u8449\u9178 (Tam)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7121\u8ad6 MTHFR \u8b8a\u7570\u9ad4\u5982\u4f55\uff0c600\uff0d1,000 \u5fae\u514b\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u7684\u8449\u9178\u5373\u53ef\u5b89\u5168\u98df\u7528\uff0c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5c07\u8840\u6db2\u8449\u9178\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12\uff08Cobalamin\uff09<\/h2>\n

\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6975\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8178\u80c3\u4e2d\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u4f86\u88fd\u9020\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12\u3002\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4f86\u6e90\u662f\u52d5\u7269\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u52d5\u7269\u4e5f\u5f9e\u8178\u9053\u7d30\u83cc\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u8a72\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4f46\u7d20\u98df\u8005\u548c\u7d14\u7d20\u98df\u8005\u7279\u5225\u5bb9\u6613\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u5403\u8089\u88fd\u54c1\uff08\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u6e90\uff09\u3002\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u6c34\u5e73\u8f03\u4f4e\u4e4b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5c0b\u6c42\u71df\u990a\u88dc\u5145\u54c1\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u6210\u7684\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u3002\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u900f\u904e\u7a31\u70ba\u751f\u7269\u5408\u6210\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u904e\u7a0b\u7522\u751f(\u6211\u5011\u5247\u662f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4f86\u88fd\u9020\u6216\u300c\u5408\u6210\u300d\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u88fd\u9020\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u8178\u9053\u4e2d\u88fd\u9020\u7d30\u83cc\u65b9\u5f0f\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5408\u6210\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a31\u70ba\u7259\u5047\u55ae\u80de\u83cc\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5e02\u552e\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u90fd\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6b64\u65b9\u5f0f\u88fd\u9020\u548c\u7372\u5f97\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u5982\u6c30\u9237\u80fa\u7d20\u548c\u7532\u57fa\u9237\u80fa\u7d20\u5c07\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u751f\u7269\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u5728\u7532\u57fa\u548c\u6c30\u5316\u7269\u57fa\u5718\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u672b\u7aef\u9032\u884c\u55ae\u4e00\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c30\u9237\u80fa\u662f\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12 \u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u88dc\u5145\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u6bd4\u7532\u9237\u80fa\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\u6c30\u9237\u80fa\u5728\u9ad4\u5167\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u6d3b\u6027\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B12\u3002\u7576\u6bd4\u8f03\u6c30\u9237\u80fa\u548c\u7532\u9237\u80fa\u6642\uff0c\u88dc\u5145\u54c1\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u5291\u91cf\u548c\u651d\u53d6\u983b\u7387\u6bd4\u78ba\u4fdd\u7dad\u6301\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u6c34\u5e73\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\uff08Zugravu\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7532\u57fa\u8449\u9178\u548c\u7532\u9237\u80fa\u540c\u70ba\u7532\u57fa\u4f9b\u9ad4<\/h2>\n

\u60a8\u7121\u9700\u651d\u53d6\u7532\u9237\u80fa\u6216\u7532\u57fa\u8449\u9178\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u3002\u60a8\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u5747\u8861\u7684\u98f2\u98df\u4e2d\u651d\u53d6\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u7532\u9237\u80fa\u6216\u7532\u57fa\u8449\u9178\u3002\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u81bd\u9e7c\u651d\u53d6\u91cf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7532\u57fa\u6bd4\u8449\u9178\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u651d\u53d6\u91cf\u591a\u7d04 1,000 \u500d\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u81bd\u9e7c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5b83 B \u7fa4\u7dad\u751f\u7d20\u548c\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\uff08\u5982\u86cb\u6c28\u9178\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7532\u57fa\u6bd4\u55ae\u7d14\u651d\u53d6\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u8449\u9178\u548c B12 \u591a\u4e0a\u6578\u5343\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

Crider KS, Devine O, Hao L, et al. Population red blood cell folate concentrations for prevention of neural tube defects: Bayesian model. BMJ. 2014;349:g4554.<\/a><\/p>\n

Crider KS, Yang TP, Berry RJ, Bailey LB. Folate and DNA methylation: A review of molecular mechanisms and the evidence for folate\u2019s role. Adv Nutr. 2012;3(1):21-38.<\/a><\/p>\n

Moll S, Varga EA. Homocysteine and MTHFR Mutations. Circulation. 2015;132(1):e6-9.<\/a><\/p>\n

Seyoum E, Selhub J. Properties of food folates determined by stability and susceptibility to intestinal pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase action. J Nutr. 1998;128(11):1956-1960.<\/a><\/p>\n

Tam C, O’Connor D, Koren G. Circulating unmetabolized folic Acid: relationship to folate status and effect of supplementation. Obstet Gynecol Int<\/em>. 2012;2012:485179.<\/a><\/p>\n

Tsang BL, Devine OJ, Cordero AM, et al. Assessing the association between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T polymorphism and blood folate concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials and observational studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;101(6):1286-1294.<\/a><\/p>\n

Wilcken B, Bamforth F, Li Z, et al. Geographical and ethnic variation of the 677C>T allele of 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR): Findings from over 7000 newborns from 16 areas world wide. J Med Genet. 2003;40(8):619-625.<\/a><\/p>\n

Zugravu CA, Macri A, Belc N, Bohiltea R. Efficacy of supplementation with methylcobalamin and cyancobalamin in maintaining the level of serum holotranscobalamin in a group of plant-based diet (vegan) adults. Exp Ther Med. 2021;22(3):993.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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