{"id":10676,"date":"2017-08-07T09:45:12","date_gmt":"2017-08-07T15:45:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/protecting-skin-sun\/"},"modified":"2025-05-12T14:39:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T20:39:24","slug":"protecting-skin-sun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/zh-hant\/protecting-skin-sun\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6b63\u8996\u98a8\u96aa\u2014\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684\u808c\u819a\u514d\u53d7\u967d\u5149\u50b7\u5bb3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-38684\" src=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Vacationing-AdobeStock_156343450-835x501.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"835\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Vacationing-AdobeStock_156343450.jpg 835w, https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Vacationing-AdobeStock_156343450-400x240.jpg 400w, https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Vacationing-AdobeStock_156343450-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Vacationing-AdobeStock_156343450-705x423.jpg 705w, https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Vacationing-AdobeStock_156343450-450x270.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 835px) 100vw, 835px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6eab\u6696\u7684\u5929\u6c23\u8207\u8f03\u9577\u7684\u767d\u665d\uff0c\u6703\u8b93\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u82b1\u66f4\u591a\u6642\u9593\u5728\u5ba4\u5916\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u4eab\u53d7\u9019\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u6236\u5916\u6642\u5149\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5fd8\u8a18\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u76ae\u819a\u514d\u53d7\u967d\u5149\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/qa\/protective-day-cream\/\">\u63a1\u884c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u65e5\u66ec\u7fd2\u6163<\/a>\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684\u76ae\u819a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c0d\u60a8\u5c07\u4f86\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u4e5f\u6709\u597d\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u88ab\u592a\u967d\u66ec\u50b7\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u76ae\u819a\u8d77\u6c34\u6ce1\u548c\u812b\u76ae\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u66f4\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u548c\u60a8\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0d\u53d7\u967d\u5149\u50b7\u5bb3\uff1b\u800c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5148\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u8b77\u76ae\u819a\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8b77\u76ae\u819a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u8f3b\u5c04\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-27363\" src=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Umbrella-in-Sun-AdobeStock_195923551.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"240\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6674\u5929\u6642\u5230\u6236\u5916\u6d3b\u52d5\u5176\u5be6\u597d\u8655\u591a\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u967d\u5149\u4e0b\u66dd\u66ec\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u967d\u5149\u80fd\u5354\u52a9\u4eba\u9ad4\u88fd\u9020\u7dad\u751f\u7d20D\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u8b93\u4eba\u5728\u5ea6\u904e\u9577\u671f\u7684\u9670\u6697\u7684\u5929\u6c23\u4e4b\u5f8c\u611f\u89ba\u795e\u6e05\u6c23\u723d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\uff08UV\uff09\u662f\u9020\u6210\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u66ec\u50b7\u548c\u812b\u76ae\u7684\u7f6a\u9b41\u798d\u9996\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u77e5\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u5c0d\u4eba\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u651c\u6c27\u7d30\u80de\u53caDNA\u90fd\u6703\u9020\u6210\u640d\u5bb3\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u8aaa\u660e\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u5c0d\u60a8\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u6709\u591a\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5c31\u8981\u89e3\u91cb\u5169\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u3002<\/p>\n<p>UVA\u548cUVB\u8f3b\u5c04\u90fd\u80fd\u7a7f\u900f\u76ae\u819a\uff0c\u4f46UVB\u6bd4UVA\u66f4\u6709\u5371\u5bb3\u3002UVA\u548cUVB\u5c04\u7dda\u662f\u4ee5\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u4f5c\u70ba\u5340\u9694\uff0cUVB\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u8f03\u77ed\u3002\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u6703\u5c0dDNA\u9020\u6210\u50b7\u5bb3\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u967d\u5149\u66dd\u66ec\u884c\u70ba<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-27352\" src=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Teenager-holding-sunscreen-AdobeStock_169943147.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"240\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2001\u5e74\u520a\u767b\u5728\u300aPreventative Medicine\u300b\uff08\u9810\u9632\u91ab\u5b78\uff09\u671f\u520a\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5168\u7f8e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u5230\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u6703\u56fa\u5b9a\u505a\u9632\u66ec\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u7684\u9632\u66ec\u63aa\u65bd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a7f\u9577\u8932<\/li>\n<li>\u6234\u592a\u967d\u773c\u93e1<\/li>\n<li>\u5f85\u5728\u9670\u6dbc\u8655<\/li>\n<li>\u64e6\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u9ede\u904e\u6642\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u5730\uff0c11\u81f318\u6b72\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0d\u592a\u61c2\u5f97\u4fdd\u8b77\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9577\u6642\u9593\u66dd\u66ec\u5728\u967d\u5149\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u66ec\u904e\u4e45\u800c\u6c92\u6709\u9069\u7576\u9632\u8b77\uff0c\u6703\u9020\u6210\u75bc\u75db\u7684\u66ec\u50b7\u548c\u8d77\u6c34\u6ce1\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u8f3b\u5c04\u5f15\u8d77DNA\u640d\u50b7\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u5c0f\u5b69\u9700\u8981\u5118\u65e9\u5b78\u7fd2\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65e5\u66ec\uff0c\u4e26\u7d93\u5e38\u7df4\u7fd2\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6613\u6e05\u695a\u5224\u65b7\u4f55\u6642\u9700\u8981\u6234\u5e3d\u5b50\u6216\u7559\u5728\u9670\u6dbc\u8655\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u61c9\u8a72\u6bcf\u5929\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u5927\u4eba\u53ca\u5c0f\u5b69\u514d\u53d7\u967d\u5149\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5bb6\u9577\u4ee5\u8eab\u4f5c\u5247<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-27308\" src=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Applying-sunscreen-to-child-AdobeStock_214499783.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"240\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u82e5\u70ba\u5152\u7ae5\u6a39\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u826f\u597d\u5178\u7bc4\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u4ed6\u5011\u7df4\u7fd2\u5065\u5eb7\u65e5\u66ec\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u7d93\u5e38\u9632\u66ec\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u5728\u6236\u5916\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u66ec\u50b7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u6559\u990a\u51fa\u5e38\u63a1\u53d6\u9632\u66ec\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u5c0f\u5b69\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2001\u5e74\u5728\u300aJournal of Pediatrics\u300b\uff08\u5c0f\u5152\u79d1\u671f\u520a\uff09\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u904b\u7528\u8abf\u67e5\u6578\u64da\u767c\u73fe\u7f8e\u570b\u8fd1\u534a\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u548c\u5b50\u5973\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u500b\u590f\u5929\u90fd\u88ab\u66ec\u50b7\u904e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u66ec\u50b7\u4eba\u6578\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u5982\u6b64\u9f90\u5927\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u5be6\u5728\u5fc5\u9808\u89aa\u81ea\u5411\u5b50\u5973\u793a\u7bc4\u5982\u4f55\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4fdd\u8b77\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u514d\u53d7\u967d\u5149\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-27341\" src=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Sunscreen-AdobeStock_68919274.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"240\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u64e6\u9632\u66ec\u4e73\u986f\u7136\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u548c\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9632\u66ec\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u64e6\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u4e26\u7121\u4efb\u4f55\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u64e6\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u4e0d\u6703\u59a8\u7919\u60a8\u7684\u6236\u5916\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u7684\u6297\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u529f\u6548\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u9632\u66ec\u4fc2\u6578\uff08SPF\uff09\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u3002\u82e5\u4ee5SPF\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u6578\u503c\u8d8a\u9ad8\u7684\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\uff0c\u5176\u9632\u66ec\u6548\u679c\u8d8a\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u9019\u4e9bSPF\u4fc2\u6578\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7522\u751f\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u610f\u5473\u8457\uff0c\u60a8\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8SPF\u7684\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u66ec\u50b7\uff0c\u4f46\u60c5\u6cc1\u53ef\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u5fc5\u9808\u63d0\u65e9\u64e6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5e38\u5e38\u64e6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u767c\u63ee\u5176\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9632\u8b77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8a72\u64e6\u591a\u5c11\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u624d\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u9054\u5230\u9632\u66ec\u6548\u679c\u3002\u300aClinical and Experimental Dermatology\u300b\uff08\u81e8\u5e8a\u8207\u5be6\u9a57\u76ae\u819a\u75c5\u5b78\uff09\u671f\u520a\u57282012\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u4e00\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u64e6\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u6642\uff0c\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u7528\u5230\u8db3\u5920\u9632\u66ec\u7684\u4efd\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u9054\u5230\u74f6\u8eab\u6a19\u793a\u7684SPF\u9632\u8b77\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u4e0a\u5857\u62b9\u9054\u5230\u5efa\u8b70\u7684\u4efd\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f2 mg\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>\uff08\u6bcf\u7acb\u65b9\u5398\u7c732\u6beb\u514b\uff09\u3002\u78ba\u5207\u7684\u6db2\u91cf\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5f88\u96e3\u6e2c\u91cf\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5efa\u8b70\u5230\u6236\u5916\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e4b\u524d\u6700\u597d\u5148\u64e6\u4e0a\u5169\u5c64\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u51fa\u9580\u524d\u5148\u64e6\u5169\u5c64\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6bcf\u5169\u4e09\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u518d\u88dc\u64e6\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5730\u5728\u967d\u5149\u4e0b\u5f85\u4e00\u6574\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8aaa\u66ec\u592a\u967d\u597d\u958b\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u82e5\u6c92\u6709\u9069\u7576\u7684\u9632\u66ec\uff0c\u5728\u6236\u5916\u6d3b\u52d5\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5371\u96aa\u3002\u9632\u66ec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7a2e\uff0c\u5f9e\u64e6\u9632\u66ec\u6cb9\u5230\u7a7f\u8457\u9577\u8896\u886b\u548c\u6234\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u654f\u611f\u808c\u819a\u514d\u53d7\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u4e4b\u5bb3\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5168\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u66ec\u50b7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u61c9\u7528\u4e14\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002\u60a8\u53ea\u8981\u63a1\u53d6\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u9632\u66ec\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u9032\u884c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u65e5\u66ec\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u88e1\u4e5f\u80fd\u597d\u597d\u4eab\u53d7\u6236\u5916\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-11yt1p0-8ce9021d8857a94418a1b22c4974b58d  avia-builder-el-0  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-346alw-be4e485842004ed772e7ce174e1f9956'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p id='toggle-toggle-id-1' data-fake-id='#toggle-id-1' class='toggler  av-title-above '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-1' data-slide-speed=\"200\" data-title=\"\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\" data-title-open=\"\" data-aria_collapsed=\"Click to expand: \u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\" data-aria_expanded=\"Click to collapse: \u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\">\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-1' aria-labelledby='toggle-toggle-id-1' role='region' class='toggle_wrap  av-title-above'  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12520258\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oriordan, David L., Alan C. Geller, Daniel R. Brooks, and Donald R. Miller. \u201cSunburn reduction through parental role modeling and sunscreen vigilance.\u201d The Journal of Pediatrics. 149.1 (2003): 67-72.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23050556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Teramura, T., M. Mizuno, H. Asano, N. Naito, K. Arakane, and Y. Miyachi. \u201cRelationship between sun-protection factor and application thickness in high-performance sunscreen: double application of sunscreen is recommended.\u201d Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 37.8 (2012): 904-08.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>De Gruijl, Frank R. \u201cPhotocarcinogenesis\u201d Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 319. N. p.: Academic Press, 2000. 359-66.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11522153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cokkinides, Vilma E., Kourtney Johnston-Davis, Martin Weinstock, Mary C. Oconnell, William Kalsbeek, Michael J. Thun, and Phyllis A. Wingo. \u201cSun exposure and sun-protection behaviors and attitudes among US youth, 11 to 18 years of age.\u201d Preventative Medicine 33.3 (2001): 141-51.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9245656\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hall, H. Irene, Daniel S. May, Robert A. Lew, Howard K. Koh. \u201cSun protection behaviors of the US white population.\u201d Preventative Medicine 26.4 (1997): 401-07.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/prevention\/sun-protection\/swimming\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cSkin Cancer Foundation.\u201d Sun protection for the whole family at the pool or at the beach &#8212; skincancer.org. The Skin Cancer Foundation. 09 Aug. 2016.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6eab\u6696\u7684\u5929\u6c23\u8207\u8f03\u9577\u7684\u767d\u665d\uff0c\u6703\u8b93\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u82b1\u66f4\u591a\u6642\u9593\u5728\u5ba4\u5916\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u4eab\u53d7\u9019\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u6236\u5916\u6642\u5149\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5fd8\u8a18\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u76ae\u819a\u514d\u53d7\u967d\u5149\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002\u63a1\u884c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u65e5\u66ec\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684\u76ae\u819a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c0d\u60a8\u5c07\u4f86\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u4e5f\u6709\u597d\u8655\u3002 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