{"id":47991,"date":"2015-12-09T17:41:13","date_gmt":"2015-12-09T17:41:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/qa\/omega-3-fatty-acids\/"},"modified":"2022-07-05T11:08:35","modified_gmt":"2022-07-05T17:08:35","slug":"omega-3-fatty-acids","status":"publish","type":"qa","link":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/fr\/qa\/omega-3-fatty-acids\/","title":{"rendered":"Acides gras om\u00e9ga-3 (huile de poisson)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Les acides gras sont des compos\u00e9s de carbone \u00e0 longue cha\u00eene avec une queue carbon\u00e9e non polaire et une t\u00eate polaire. Les acides gras om\u00e9ga-3 sont des acides gras insatur\u00e9s avec une double liaison au troisi\u00e8me atome de carbone \u00e0 partir de la fin de la cha\u00eene de carbone. Parmi les divers types d\u2019acides gras om\u00e9ga-3, il en existe trois dont le r\u00f4le pour la sant\u00e9 humaine est important\u00a0: l\u2019acide alpha-linol\u00e9nique (ALA), l\u2019acide eicosapenta\u00e9no\u00efque (AEP) et l\u2019acide docosahexa\u00e9no\u00efque (ADH).<\/p>\n

Acides gras essentiels<\/strong><\/h2>\n

M\u00eame si l\u2019organisme humain peut produire la plupart des acides gras importants \u00e0 partir des composantes du r\u00e9gime alimentaire moyen, il y en a deux qu\u2019il ne peut produire et qu\u2019il lui faut obtenir de sources alimentaires. Ces deux acides gras dits \u00ab essentiels \u00bb sont l\u2019acide linol\u00e9ique (AL) de type om\u00e9ga-6 et l\u2019acide alpha-linol\u00e9nique ou ALA (\u00e0 ne pas confondre avec l\u2019acide alpha-lipo\u00efque), un acide gras om\u00e9ga-3.<\/p>\n

L\u2019acide alpha-linol\u00e9nique est la mati\u00e8re \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la biosynth\u00e8se de l\u2019acide eicosapenta\u00e9no\u00efque (AEP) et de l\u2019acide docosahexa\u00e9no\u00efque (ADH), deux importants acides gras polyinsatur\u00e9s. L\u2019acide alpha-linol\u00e9nique, l\u2019AEP et l\u2019ADH sont les principaux membres de la famille des acides gras om\u00e9ga-3.<\/p>\n

Bienfaits des acides gras om\u00e9ga-3<\/strong><\/h2>\n

En plus d\u2019\u00eatre une riche source d\u2019AEP et d\u2019ADH, deux acides gras om\u00e9ga-3 qui ont fait l\u2019objet de multiples \u00e9tudes, l\u2019huile de poisson est b\u00e9n\u00e9fique \u00e0 de nombreux aspects de la sant\u00e9 humaine. Log\u00e9s dans la structure des membranes cellulaires, les acides gras om\u00e9ga-3 favorisent la sant\u00e9 cardiovasculaire ainsi qu\u2019un d\u00e9veloppement c\u00e9r\u00e9bral et neural ad\u00e9quat et ils contribuent \u00e0 pr\u00e9server la sant\u00e9 articulaire. On en a aussi souvent \u00e9tudi\u00e9 leur r\u00f4le dans la pr\u00e9vention et le traitement de divers probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9, dont la maladie cardiaque, l\u2019arthrite, les troubles inflammatoires, la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire et la d\u00e9pression.<\/p>\n

L\u2019AEP est le pr\u00e9curseur des prostaglandines de s\u00e9rie 3, ce qui favorise une bonne tension art\u00e9rielle, des taux de cholest\u00e9rol et de triglyc\u00e9rides ad\u00e9quats (\u00e0 la condition qu\u2019ils soient normaux au d\u00e9part), un bon fonctionnement r\u00e9nal, une saine r\u00e9ponse inflammatoire et une bonne fonction immunitaire. Certaines \u00e9tudes font aussi \u00e9tat de l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 des acides gras om\u00e9ga-3 (sous forme de suppl\u00e9ments d\u2019huile de poisson) pour renforcer la sant\u00e9 articulaire.<\/p>\n

L\u2019ADH de m\u00eame que l\u2019acide arachidonique de type om\u00e9ga-6 sont les gras les plus pr\u00e9sents dans les cellules nerveuses du f\u0153tus et du nourrisson. Certains sp\u00e9cialistes de la sant\u00e9 recommandent m\u00eame d\u2019ajouter de l\u2019ADH aux formules pour b\u00e9b\u00e9s pour mieux soutenir le d\u00e9veloppement ad\u00e9quat de leur syst\u00e8me nerveux. L\u2019ADH est en outre une composante structurelle importante de la r\u00e9tine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les acides gras sont des compos\u00e9s de carbone \u00e0 longue cha\u00eene avec une queue carbon\u00e9e non polaire et une t\u00eate polaire. Les acides gras om\u00e9ga-3 sont des acides gras insatur\u00e9s avec une double liaison au troisi\u00e8me atome de carbone \u00e0 partir de la fin de la cha\u00eene de carbone. Parmi les divers types d\u2019acides gras […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10897,"featured_media":37788,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"qa-category":[],"qa-tag":[20787],"class_list":["post-47991","qa","type-qa","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","qa-tag-healthy-eating"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAcides gras om\u00e9ga-3 (huile de poisson) - Ask The Scientists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/fr\/qa\/omega-3-fatty-acids\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Acides gras om\u00e9ga-3 (huile de poisson) - Ask The Scientists\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les acides gras sont des compos\u00e9s de carbone \u00e0 longue cha\u00eene avec une queue carbon\u00e9e non polaire et une t\u00eate polaire. 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