{"id":8023,"date":"2017-05-24T15:53:29","date_gmt":"2017-05-24T21:53:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/?p=8023\/"},"modified":"2025-10-08T14:08:14","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T20:08:14","slug":"sleep-deprivation-may-increase-food-intake-promote-obesity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/fr\/sleep-deprivation-may-increase-food-intake-promote-obesity\/","title":{"rendered":"Le manque de sommeil et son impact sur la consommation d’aliments"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"tired\"<\/p>\n

La science peut expliquer pourquoi sensation de fatigue et faim vont souvent de pair. Apr\u00e8s une mauvaise nuit de sommeil, vous pourriez vouloir une collation de plus ou un repas plus copieux, car le manque d’\u00e9nergie peut intensifier la sensation de faim.<\/p>\n

La recherche \u00e9mergente indique que le manque de sommeil n’influe pas uniquement sur la fa\u00e7on dont une personne se sent, mais aussi sur la quantit\u00e9 de nourriture qu’elle consomme. En effet, des \u00e9tudes font \u00e9tat qu’un sommeil r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement insuffisant peut contribuer \u00e0 la suralimentation et accro\u00eetre le risque d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00c9tude 1 : un sommeil insuffisant accro\u00eet la consommation d’aliments chez l’homme en sant\u00e9<\/h2>\n

On sait que le manque de sommeil \u00e0 court terme augmente la concentration sanguine de ghr\u00e9line (une hormone li\u00e9e \u00e0 l’app\u00e9tit excessif) et abaisse la concentration de leptine (une hormone li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sati\u00e9t\u00e9). Des chercheurs ont men\u00e9 une \u00e9tude crois\u00e9e al\u00e9atoire portant sur 12 hommes non ob\u00e8ses \u00e0 l’\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 normal afin d’observer l’effet du manque de sommeil sur l’apport \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et l’activit\u00e9 physique.<\/p>\n

La premi\u00e8re nuit de chaque s\u00e9ance de 48 heures, les sujets dormaient soit huit heures (de minuit \u00e0 8 h), soit quatre heures (de 2 h \u00e0 6 h). Les aliments \u00e9taient consomm\u00e9s ensuite ad libitum, sans restriction (r\u00f4tie beurr\u00e9e avec confiture au d\u00e9jeuner, buffet le midi et menu au choix au souper). On a aussi \u00e9valu\u00e9 l’activit\u00e9 physique, la sensation de faim, le plaisir per\u00e7u \u00e0 manger, l’envie de certains aliments et la somnolence.<\/p>\n

Par comparaison avec les sujets ayant dormi huit heures, ceux avec la p\u00e9riode restreinte de sommeil ont consomm\u00e9 559 calories de plus (22 %) le jour suivant et la faim \u00e9tait plus perceptible avant le d\u00e9jeuner et le souper. Les chercheurs n’ont observ\u00e9 aucun changement dans le plaisir per\u00e7u \u00e0 manger, ni dans l’envie de certains aliments. L’activit\u00e9 physique \u00e9tait l\u00e9g\u00e8rement sup\u00e9rieure apr\u00e8s la p\u00e9riode restreinte de sommeil qu’apr\u00e8s huit heures \u00e0 dormir, m\u00eame si la sensation de somnolence \u00e9tait plus \u00e9vidente.<\/p>\n

Dans ce groupe d’hommes en sant\u00e9, une nuit de sommeil r\u00e9duit a entra\u00een\u00e9 une hausse de l’apport alimentaire et, \u00e0 un moindre degr\u00e9, de la d\u00e9pense d’\u00e9nergie li\u00e9e \u00e0 l’activit\u00e9 physique. Bien que d’autres \u00e9tudes soient n\u00e9cessaires pour les confirmer, les r\u00e9sultats de cette \u00e9tude \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle indiquent qu’un sommeil restreint pourrait \u00eatre un facteur qui favorise l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00c9tude 2 : un sommeil insuffisant peut entra\u00eener la suralimentation<\/h2>\n

L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est un probl\u00e8me grandissant dans plusieurs pays. Au fil des ans, \u00e0 partir de l’hypoth\u00e8se que la dur\u00e9e du sommeil joue un r\u00f4le dans la consommation des calories, un certain nombre d’\u00e9tudes ont port\u00e9 sur le lien entre les deux. Maintenant, une m\u00e9ta-analyse qui combine ces donn\u00e9es de recherche permet d’y voir plus clair.\u00a0 Publi\u00e9e dans le European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, cette m\u00e9ta-analyse compile les r\u00e9sultats de 11 \u00e9tudes afin d’analyser l’effet de la restriction du sommeil sur l’apport \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et la d\u00e9pense d’\u00e9nergie.<\/p>\n

Les r\u00e9sultats de ces 11 \u00e9tudes portent sur 172 sujets. L’analyse r\u00e9v\u00e8le qu’une restriction partielle du sommeil a entra\u00een\u00e9 une consommation quotidienne moyenne de 385 calories de plus. (p<0.00001). Cet apport calorique accru s’accompagnait d’une baisse sensible de l’apport en prot\u00e9ines et d’un apport plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 en lipides. Il n’y a eu aucun impact notable sur la d\u00e9pense d’\u00e9nergie. Si le manque de sommeil entra\u00eene une plus forte consommation de calories, il s’ensuit \u00e9videmment un risque accru de gain de poids. D’autres recherches \u00e0 long terme seront cependant n\u00e9cessaires pour d\u00e9terminer le risque r\u00e9el que le manque de sommeil contribue vraisemblablement \u00e0 l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9. Par ailleurs, il faut d’autres \u00e9tudes pour d\u00e9terminer si une dur\u00e9e de sommeil accru peut diminuer la consommation de calories et jouer une r\u00f4le dans la pr\u00e9vention de l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Le lien entre sant\u00e9, sommeil et alimentation<\/h2>\n

M\u00eame si nous nous effor\u00e7ons d’avoir un sommeil reposant et une nutrition \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e, c’est loin d’\u00eatre toujours possible. Stress, probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 et exigences du quotidien peuvent perturber le sommeil et entra\u00eener une ingestion accrue d’aliments. M\u00eame si vous ne contr\u00f4lez pas tout, il est important de vous soucier de vos habitudes de sommeil et de votre fa\u00e7on de vous nourrir pour \u00eatre en meilleure sant\u00e9. De petits changements intentionnels peuvent vous aider \u00e0 identifier les aspects \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer et en fin de compte, \u00e0 soutenir votre bien-\u00eatre global.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n

\n

Brondel L, Romer MA, Nougues PM, Touyarou P, Davenne D. Acute partial sleep deprivation increases food intake in healthy men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91(6):1550-9.<\/a><\/p>\n

Al khatib HK, Harding SV, Darzi J, Pot GK. The effects of partial sleep deprivation on energy balance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016; Nov 2.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":10897,"featured_media":6088,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[20751,20747],"class_list":["post-8023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-non-classifiee","tag-healthy-weight-fr","tag-sleep-hygiene-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe manque de sommeil et son impact sur la consommation d'aliments - Ask The Scientists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/fr\/sleep-deprivation-may-increase-food-intake-promote-obesity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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