{"id":48841,"date":"2017-06-12T12:06:28","date_gmt":"2017-06-12T18:06:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/vitamin-d-executive-function-adolescents\/"},"modified":"2020-10-27T14:14:06","modified_gmt":"2020-10-27T20:14:06","slug":"vitamin-d-executive-function-adolescents","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/fr\/vitamin-d-executive-function-adolescents\/","title":{"rendered":"Selon une \u00e9tude, la vitamine D renforce la sant\u00e9 c\u00e9r\u00e9brale des adolescents"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

L\u2019adolescence est une p\u00e9riode cruciale du d\u00e9veloppement c\u00e9r\u00e9bral et de la r\u00e9organisation de nombreux syst\u00e8mes r\u00e9gulateurs de l\u2019organisme, comme le syst\u00e8me hormonal. Ces changements \u00e0 la pubert\u00e9 contribuent \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire de travail, la flexibilit\u00e9 cognitive et la ma\u00eetrise de soi de l\u2019adolescent.<\/p>\n

Il est donc imp\u00e9ratif de renforcer le cerveau au stade tr\u00e8s important de la croissance et du d\u00e9veloppement. La vitamine D est l\u2019un des principaux nutriments qui aident \u00e0 renforcer et pr\u00e9server le cerveau des adolescents.<\/p>\n

Le cerveau et la vitamine D<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Chez l\u2019enfant et l\u2019adolescent, tout comme chez l\u2019adulte, la vitamine D contribue \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger les cellules c\u00e9r\u00e9brales et \u00e0 soutenir le d\u00e9veloppement de nouvelles voies neurales. Elle peut aussi agir comme une hormone qui aide \u00e0 optimiser la cognition et la fonction c\u00e9r\u00e9brale ex\u00e9cutive.<\/p>\n

R\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, la vitamine D provient du r\u00e9gime alimentaire et de l\u2019exposition au soleil. Pourtant, les adolescents qui habitent dans des pays en haute latitude, comme la Norv\u00e8ge et l\u2019Alaska (o\u00f9 l\u2019ensoleillement est r\u00e9duit) n\u2019ont pas souvent un apport quotidien ad\u00e9quat de ce nutriment, d\u2019autant plus que les choix alimentaires m\u00e9diocres qui sont faits \u00e0 la pubert\u00e9 n\u2019aident en rien la situation.<\/p>\n

En plus d\u2019\u00e9valuer diverses hypoth\u00e8ses sur le lien entre le taux de vitamine D chez des adolescents et leur fonction ex\u00e9cutive, une \u00e9tude europ\u00e9enne men\u00e9e en 2016 a aussi permis d\u2019\u00e9tudier la relation entre ce taux et l\u2019auto-\u00e9valuation par les adolescents de leur sant\u00e9 mentale (perception personnelle de leur degr\u00e9 de bien-\u00eatre, de bonheur et de satisfaction).<\/p>\n

Les r\u00e9sultats ont valid\u00e9 l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se des chercheurs : la prise d\u2019un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D renforce la fonction ex\u00e9cutive et la sant\u00e9 mentale des adolescents. On a observ\u00e9 un rendement optimis\u00e9 aux tests de r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes et de fonction ex\u00e9cutive chez les adolescents qui avaient pris un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D. De plus, leur sant\u00e9 mentale a \u00e9t\u00e9 favoris\u00e9e par le taux plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de vitamine D.<\/p>\n

Par contre, les m\u00eames effets b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques pour le cerveau n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 ressentis par les adolescents qui ne prenaient pas un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D (ou qui souffraient d’une carence de cette vitamine).<\/p>\n

C\u2019est ce qui explique l\u2019importance de combler les besoins en vitamine D des adolescents. Comme le d\u00e9veloppement du cerveau est en plein essor \u00e0 l\u2019adolescence, un des moyens de favoriser une attitude proactive des adolescents \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de leur fonction ex\u00e9cutive et de leur sant\u00e9 mentale consiste \u00e0 s’assurer qu\u2019ils conservent un bon taux de vitamine D.<\/p>\n

Les donn\u00e9es d\u00e9taill\u00e9es de l\u2019\u00e9tude <\/strong><\/h2>\n

Cette \u00e9tude montre qu\u2019un taux ad\u00e9quat de vitamine D peut \u00eatre un moyen efficace de renforcer le cerveau en plein d\u00e9veloppement chez les adolescents. La prise d’un suppl\u00e9ment de cette vitamine essentielle est sans doute la fa\u00e7on la plus commode d\u2019en optimiser l\u2019apport quotidien chez les adolescents \u2013 particuli\u00e8rement chez ceux qui habitent en haute latitude. Bien que l\u2019\u00e9tude ait \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e en Norv\u00e8ge, les r\u00e9sultats peuvent \u00eatre extrapol\u00e9s et appliqu\u00e9s aux adolescents partout dans le monde.<\/p>\n

Voici les donn\u00e9es d\u00e9taill\u00e9es de l\u2019\u00e9tude et des recherches qui ont permis d\u2019\u00e9tablir un lien entre la vitamine D et la fonction ex\u00e9cutive chez les adolescents :<\/p>\n

\n

L\u2019exp\u00e9rience a permis d\u2019\u00e9valuer le lien entre la prise d\u2019un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D et la qualit\u00e9 de leur r\u00e9sultats dans deux tests sur la fonction ex\u00e9cutive. Un sondage men\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s de tous les sujets adolescents a permis de prendre en compte leur perception personnelle de leur sant\u00e9 mentale.<\/p>\n

Cinquante-deux adolescents norv\u00e9giens ont particip\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la classe \u00e0 cette \u00e9tude. Pendant la dur\u00e9e de l\u2019\u00e9tude, on a donn\u00e9 \u00e0 tous les sujets un comprim\u00e9 \u00e0 prendre chaque jour, mais seulement la moiti\u00e9 du groupe a re\u00e7u un comprim\u00e9 renfermant un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 l\u2019aide de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements sanguins et de trois tests pr\u00e9alables en ligne, les chercheurs ont \u00e9tabli les mesures de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour le taux de vitamine D et le rendement de la fonction ex\u00e9cutive. Les deux premiers tests, appel\u00e9s respectivement Tour de Londres et Tour de Hano\u00ef, avaient pour but d\u2019observer l\u2019aptitude des adolescents \u00e0 planifier et \u00ab voir venir \u00bb en pr\u00e9disant le nombre d\u2019\u00e9tapes n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la r\u00e9solution d\u2019un probl\u00e8me complexe.<\/p>\n

\"executive<\/p>\n

Le test pr\u00e9alable final consistait en une auto-\u00e9valuation par les adolescents de leur sant\u00e9 mentale. Le lien entre sant\u00e9 mentale et vitamine D \u00e9tant d\u00e9j\u00e0 solidement \u00e9tabli, les chercheurs visaient \u00e0 \u00e9tayer leur essai avec cette norme.<\/p>\n

Une premi\u00e8re \u00e9valuation du rendement aux deux tests sur la fonction ex\u00e9cutive et de l\u2019auto-\u00e9valuation de la sant\u00e9 mentale de chaque adolescent a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e au d\u00e9but de l\u2019\u00e9tude, suivie d’une deuxi\u00e8me quatre \u00e0 cinq mois plus tard. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 la prise quotidienne d\u2019un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D par la moiti\u00e9 des sujets, l\u2019objectif des chercheurs \u00e9tait d\u2019av\u00e9rer le bien-fond\u00e9 de trois hypoth\u00e8ses\u00a0:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Les deux \u00e9valuations de la fonction ex\u00e9cutive mettraient en \u00e9vidence les bienfaits d\u2019un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D.<\/li>\n
  2. La prise d\u2019un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D pendant l\u2019hiver am\u00e9liorerait la perception qu’ont les adolescents de leur sant\u00e9 mentale.<\/li>\n
  3. La prise d\u2019un suppl\u00e9ment de vitamine D accro\u00eetrait le taux de cette vitamine chez les adolescents.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n

    Le bien-fond\u00e9 d\u2019un apport en vitamine D<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Dans les ann\u00e9es qui ont suivi la publication de l\u2019\u00e9tude, d\u2019autres travaux de recherche ont aussi \u00e9tabli un rapport similaire entre le cerveau et la vitamine D. Par ailleurs, les adolescents ne sont pas les seuls pour qui la vitamine D peut \u00eatre b\u00e9n\u00e9fique. Il est imp\u00e9ratif de fournir aux jeunes enfants l\u2019apport quotidien recommand\u00e9 en vitamine D qu\u2019il leur faut afin de soutenir le d\u00e9veloppement de leur motricit\u00e9 fine et d\u2019\u00e9tablir le fondement de leur bien-\u00eatre mental.<\/p>\n

    Voyez comment la vitamine D contribue de multiples fa\u00e7ons \u00e0 optimiser la sant\u00e9 c\u00e9r\u00e9brale. Consultez les ressources suivantes et lisez cette \u00e9tude.<\/p>\n

    \n

    https:\/\/developingchild.harvard.edu\/science\/key-concepts\/executive-function\/<\/a><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28252190\/<\/a><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29460820\/<\/a><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/329076353_Comparison_of_the_effects_of_perceptual-motor_exercises_vitamin_D_supplementation_and_the_combination_of_these_interventions_on_decreasing_stereotypical_behavior_in_children_with_autism_disorder<\/a><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/da.23025<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L\u2019adolescence est une p\u00e9riode cruciale du d\u00e9veloppement c\u00e9r\u00e9bral et de la r\u00e9organisation de nombreux syst\u00e8mes r\u00e9gulateurs de l\u2019organisme, comme le syst\u00e8me hormonal. Ces changements \u00e0 la pubert\u00e9 contribuent \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire de travail, la flexibilit\u00e9 cognitive et la ma\u00eetrise de soi de l\u2019adolescent. Il est donc imp\u00e9ratif de renforcer le cerveau au stade tr\u00e8s important […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5181,"featured_media":48842,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[20742,20729,20755],"class_list":["post-48841","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nutrition_spotlight-fr","tag-child-and-teen-nutrition-fr","tag-cognitive-functions-fr","tag-essential-nutrients-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSelon une \u00e9tude, la vitamine D renforce la sant\u00e9 c\u00e9r\u00e9brale des adolescents - Ask The Scientists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Des travaux de recherche r\u00e9cents font \u00e9tat des bienfaits potentiels d\u2019une prise de suppl\u00e9ments de vitamine D pour renforcer la sant\u00e9 c\u00e9r\u00e9brale des adolescents.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/fr\/vitamin-d-executive-function-adolescents\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Selon une \u00e9tude, la vitamine D renforce la sant\u00e9 c\u00e9r\u00e9brale des adolescents - 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