{"id":12015,"date":"2017-07-31T08:51:43","date_gmt":"2017-07-31T14:51:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/whole-fruit-versus-fruit-juice-eat-drink\/"},"modified":"2019-12-30T10:47:38","modified_gmt":"2019-12-30T17:47:38","slug":"whole-fruit-versus-fruit-juice-eat-drink","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/askthescientists.com\/fr\/whole-fruit-versus-fruit-juice-eat-drink\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Fruit Entier Ou Le Jus De Fruit : Vous \u00cates Ce Que Vous Mangez (Et Buvez)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"fruit\"<\/p>\n

Quel est le sens r\u00e9el de ce vieil adage?<\/p>\n

Essentiellement, tout ce qui constitue le corps provient de ce que nous ing\u00e9rons. Autrement dit, vous \u00eates compos\u00e9 de la somme de tous les \u00e9l\u00e9ments que vous consommez \u2013 aliments, eau et suppl\u00e9ments nutritionnels \u2013 du meilleur au plus mauvais.<\/p>\n

Mais ce n\u2019est l\u00e0 qu\u2019une partie de l\u2019\u00e9quation.<\/p>\n

Dans une nouvelle \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par USANA Health Sciences et publi\u00e9e dans la revue Nutrients<\/em>, des scientifiques ont montr\u00e9 que ce que l\u2019on mange (ou boit) peut avoir un impact consid\u00e9rable, notamment en influant sur la r\u00e9gulation des g\u00e8nes<\/a> \u2013 c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire selon s\u2019ils sont activ\u00e9s ou d\u00e9sactiv\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Les bienfaits des fruits entiers et des jus de fruits<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Les observations et les donn\u00e9es \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques montrent invariablement que la consommation de fruits favorise la sant\u00e9. Quoique les sp\u00e9cialistes de la sant\u00e9 privil\u00e9gient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les fruits entiers, les jus de fruits press\u00e9s ou conditionn\u00e9s font souvent partie d\u2019un r\u00e9gime alimentaire sain.<\/p>\n

En raison de sa teneur en fibres<\/a>, de son plus grand volume et de la sensation de sati\u00e9t\u00e9 qu\u2019il procure, le fruit entier favorise la ma\u00eetrise du poids et la r\u00e9gulation du glucose. Le jus de fruit press\u00e9 pr\u00e9sente aussi certains avantages, notamment en mati\u00e8re de commodit\u00e9, de disponibilit\u00e9 en tout temps, de r\u00e9hydratation rapide et de vari\u00e9t\u00e9 (en les r\u00e9duisant en jus, les gens obtiennent souvent un apport plus vari\u00e9 de fruits que s\u2019ils les consommaient sous forme de fruits entiers). Pourtant, en d\u00e9pit de ces bienfaits diff\u00e9rents, on avait toujours suppos\u00e9 que les fruits entiers et les jus non transform\u00e9s \u00e9taient \u00e9quivalents sur le plan nutritif.<\/p>\n

Selon de nouvelles recherches, les fruits entiers et les jus de fruits ont des effets diff\u00e9rents sur la sant\u00e9<\/strong><\/h2>\n

De nouvelles recherches effectu\u00e9es par les scientifiques d\u2019USANA Health Sciences, Inc. ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 une autre diff\u00e9rence int\u00e9ressante entre les fruits entiers et les jus de fruits. Ainsi, il semble que les deux cat\u00e9gories puissent en fait apporter des bienfaits distincts en influant diversement sur la sant\u00e9 et le syst\u00e8me immunitaire. Cette \u00e9tude indique une diff\u00e9rence marqu\u00e9e de la signature chimique (appel\u00e9e m\u00e9thylation ou \u00e9pig\u00e9nome) de r\u00e9gions pr\u00e9cises de l\u2019ADN chez les sujets consommant des fruits entiers par rapport \u00e0 ceux prenant des jus de fruits.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique est l\u2019\u00e9tude des changements dans les organismes, caus\u00e9s par la modification de l\u2019expression des g\u00e8nes et non par l\u2019alt\u00e9ration du code g\u00e9n\u00e9tique comme tel. Un changement \u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne courant et naturel, mais il peut aussi \u00eatre le r\u00e9sultat de plusieurs facteurs, y compris l\u2019\u00e2ge, l\u2019environnement ou le style de vie et les probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9tude de jumeaux identiques constitue une bonne fa\u00e7on d\u2019illustrer l\u2019\u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique. Malgr\u00e9 leur ADN ou code g\u00e9n\u00e9tique identique, ils ne sont pas exactement pareils et les diff\u00e9rences s\u2019accentuent avec l\u2019\u00e2ge, notamment en raison des diff\u00e9rences dans le r\u00e9gime alimentaire de chacun, son style de vie, son environnement, ses probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 et d\u2019autres facteurs pouvant influer sur la fa\u00e7on dont ses cellules d\u00e9codent les g\u00e8nes.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9tude r\u00e9v\u00e9lait que la signature \u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique (le code chimique permettant la d\u00e9sactivation ou l\u2019activation des g\u00e8nes) des consommateurs de fruits entiers \u00e9tait enrichie dans les g\u00e8nes \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de voies pr\u00e9cises, associ\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la fonction immunitaire, de l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 chromosomique et de la pr\u00e9servation des t\u00e9lom\u00e8res. En revanche, cette signature \u00e9tait enrichie autour des g\u00e8nes associ\u00e9s aux voies pro-inflammatoires chez les consommateurs de jus de fruits,<\/p>\n

Pour expliquer cette diff\u00e9rence, les auteurs font ressortir la teneur riche en fibres naturelles des fruits entiers, lesquelles sont \u00e9limin\u00e9es pendant le processus de fabrication du jus de fruit.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les diff\u00e9rences \u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tiques observ\u00e9es dans notre \u00e9tude peuvent \u00eatre attribuables \u00e0 la variation de la teneur en fibres entre le fruit et le jus. La fibre, une mol\u00e9cule largement non digestible, modifie la digestion des nutriments consomm\u00e9s conjointement, influant ainsi sur le site et le m\u00e9canisme intestinaux participant \u00e0 l\u2019absorption et la transformation des nutriments provenant du fruit. La d\u00e9composition des nutriments par le microbiote intestinal explique probablement en grande partie la variation dans l\u2019absorption intestinale.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n

L\u2019\u00e9tude conclut que, pour la premi\u00e8re fois, la consommation de jus de fruits et de fruits entiers est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des incidences diff\u00e9rentes sur l\u2019expression des g\u00e8nes. L\u2019analyse jette aussi un nouvel \u00e9clairage sur les m\u00e9canismes mol\u00e9culaires influant sur les interactions entre le r\u00e9gime alimentaire, les mol\u00e9cules cibles de signalisation cellulaire et les voies \u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tiques.<\/p>\n

Lors d\u2019un entretien de suivi, l\u2019auteur principal le Dr Robert Sinnott a fortement insist\u00e9 sur le fait que \u00ab\u00a0de toute \u00e9vidence, les fruits entiers et les jus de fruits procurent des bienfaits diff\u00e9rents pour la sant\u00e9. Ainsi, l\u2019enfant \u00e0 qui l\u2019on donne un petit verre de jus au lieu d\u2019un morceau de fruit entier ne re\u00e7oit pas les m\u00eames nutriments.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

La coauteure Jessie Johnson, Ph. D. d\u00e9crit plus globalement les r\u00e9percussions de cette \u00e9tude en ces termes\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La compr\u00e9hension de la fa\u00e7on dont les apports nutritionnels des fruits entiers, des boissons et des suppl\u00e9ments nutritionnels activent les voies de signalisation cellulaire, modulent la physiologie des cellules et, en d\u00e9finitive, am\u00e9liorent la sant\u00e9 humaine, constituera une avanc\u00e9e majeure dans l\u2019optimisation de la personnalisation des besoins en nutriments de chacun.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Historiquement, on a caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 diversement les nutriments alimentaires : constituants essentiels des prot\u00e9ines, cofacteurs des enzymes, composants structurels de l\u2019organisme, comme les os, ou antioxydants aidant \u00e0 \u00e9liminer les radicaux libres. Pourtant, leur r\u00f4le est bien plus complexe\u00a0: les nutriments et compos\u00e9s alimentaires influent aussi sur la communication des cellules et l\u2019expression du code g\u00e9n\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n

Nicodemus-Johnson J, Sinnott RA. Fruit and Juice Epigenetic Signatures Are Associated with Independent Immunoregulatory Pathways.\u00a0Nutrients<\/em>. 2017; 9(7):752.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Quel est le sens r\u00e9el de ce vieil adage? Essentiellement, tout ce qui constitue le corps provient de ce que nous ing\u00e9rons. Autrement dit, vous \u00eates compos\u00e9 de la somme de tous les \u00e9l\u00e9ments que vous consommez \u2013 aliments, eau et suppl\u00e9ments nutritionnels \u2013 du meilleur au plus mauvais. Mais ce n\u2019est l\u00e0 qu\u2019une partie […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4638,"featured_media":10211,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[20741,20732],"class_list":["post-12015","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nutrition_spotlight-fr","tag-healthy-eating-fr","tag-nutrition-basics-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe Fruit Entier Ou Le Jus De Fruit : Vous \u00cates Ce Que Vous Mangez (Et Buvez) - Ask The Scientists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Everything that makes up your physical body came in through your mouth. 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